{
  "schema_version": "sg_mining_pool_coordination_public.v1",
  "methodology_version": "1.0.0",
  "observed_at": "2026-09-03T20:34:40Z",
  "published_story_url": "https://satoshigazette.org/stories/three-pool-labels-built-57-6-of-last-week-s-bitcoin-blocks",
  "sources": {
    "one_week": "https://mempool.space/api/v1/mining/pools/1w",
    "one_month": "https://mempool.space/api/v1/mining/pools/1m",
    "three_months": "https://mempool.space/api/v1/mining/pools/3m",
    "methodology": "https://github.com/mempool/mining-pools"
  },
  "windows": [
    {
      "key": "1w",
      "label": "One week",
      "observed_blocks": 1017,
      "pools": [
        {
          "label": "Foundry USA",
          "blocks": 287
        },
        {
          "label": "AntPool",
          "blocks": 173
        },
        {
          "label": "F2Pool",
          "blocks": 149
        },
        {
          "label": "ViaBTC",
          "blocks": 81
        },
        {
          "label": "SpiderPool",
          "blocks": 77
        },
        {
          "label": "MARA Pool",
          "blocks": 53
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "key": "1m",
      "label": "One month",
      "observed_blocks": 4460,
      "pools": [
        {
          "label": "Foundry USA",
          "blocks": 1113
        },
        {
          "label": "AntPool",
          "blocks": 839
        },
        {
          "label": "F2Pool",
          "blocks": 694
        },
        {
          "label": "SpiderPool",
          "blocks": 417
        },
        {
          "label": "ViaBTC",
          "blocks": 354
        },
        {
          "label": "MARA Pool",
          "blocks": 217
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "key": "3m",
      "label": "Three months",
      "observed_blocks": 13115,
      "pools": [
        {
          "label": "Foundry USA",
          "blocks": 3336
        },
        {
          "label": "AntPool",
          "blocks": 2446
        },
        {
          "label": "F2Pool",
          "blocks": 1938
        },
        {
          "label": "SpiderPool",
          "blocks": 1226
        },
        {
          "label": "ViaBTC",
          "blocks": 1118
        },
        {
          "label": "MARA Pool",
          "blocks": 670
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "method": {
    "calculation": "For each synchronized endpoint snapshot, sort the reported pool rows by block count and divide the summed block count of the first two, three, or five labels by the endpoint total. Percentages are derived at build time and rounded to two decimal places.",
    "attribution": "mempool.space assigns pool labels from coinbase tags and known block-reward payout addresses. Its public identification repository can change, and historical blocks can be re-indexed after an identifier update.",
    "limitation": "A pool label measures attributed block production in a finite rolling sample. It does not reveal who owns the connected machines, their geography, whether operators coordinate, or how quickly miners can redirect work.",
    "why_it_matters": "Repeated concentration under a small number of pool labels is a visible coordination surface. The operational question is whether miners can detect unwanted policy and switch without permission."
  },
  "boundaries": {
    "read_only_snapshot": true,
    "pool_labels_are_not_ownership": true,
    "hashrate_not_inferred": true,
    "geography_not_inferred": true,
    "collusion_not_inferred": true,
    "external_action": false
  }
}